Maksim's On-Line Museum

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  • Home
  • North America
    • U.S. Capitol Flag
    • Coal Mine Scrip
    • Woodstock Ticket
    • Cable Car Cable
    • Pitch Pine Torch
    • Alcatraz Concrete
    • Ringling Bros. Staff Pin
    • Montgomery Bus Token
    • WTC Ticket
    • KKK Membership Card
    • Archaic Arrowhead
    • Prohibition Prescription
    • Smokey Bear Pinbacks
    • Gold Rush Nuggets
    • Edison Disc Record
    • Hoover Dam Cable
    • Jack Dempsey
    • Cal Ripken, Jr.
    • Bre Pettis
    • Steve Wozniak
    • Robert Ballard
    • Glenn Miller
    • El Cazador Shipwreck Coin
    • Panama Canal Matches
  • Political
    • Iranian Hostage Crisis
    • Watergate Scandal
    • White House Easter Egg
    • Eisenhower Rally Ticket
    • CCC Scrip Tickets
    • Condoleezza Rice
    • Gail Halvorsen
    • Berlin Wall
  • Military
    • Stalag POW ID Tag
    • Disney WWII Insignia
    • D-Day Barbed Wire
    • OPA Ration Tokens
    • WWII Polish Home Army Badge
    • Ships for Victory Pin
    • Crimean War Button
    • Korean War Safe Conduct Pass
    • USO Record Home
    • Vietnam War Mess Token
    • Kamikaze Recognition Slide
    • Kilroy Was Here
    • WWII Monopoly Pieces
    • Red Cross Thimble
    • Pearl Harbor Tool Tag
    • U-boat Badge
    • Red Ball Express Patch
    • Allied Military Currency
    • William McRaven
    • Fred Sutherland
    • Woody Williams
    • Harry Ettlinger
    • Richard Cole
    • Charles McGee
    • George Sakato
    • Chester Nez
    • Don Walsh
    • Joe Kittinger
    • Trinitite
    • Revolutionary War Cannonball
    • Antietam Bullets
  • Aeronautics and space
    • Chuck Yeager
    • Catherine Coleman
    • Soyuz Heat Shield
    • Crawlerway Rock
    • Shuttle Challenger AFRSI
    • Bernice Haydu
    • Edgar Mitchell
  • Automotive
    • Model T Radiator Cap
  • African
    • Anti-Apartheid Pin
    • Maersk Alabama Hijacking
    • Okpoho Manilla
  • Natural
    • Organ Cave
    • Woolly Mammoth Hair
    • Shiva Lingam Stone
    • Mount St. Helens Ash
    • Mosasaurus Tooth
    • Knightia Fish Fossil
    • Megalodon Shark Tooth
  • European
    • Viking Fibula Brooch
    • Olympic Clay Pigeon
    • Chernobyl Liquidator Badge
    • Titanic Coal
  • Asia
    • Great Wall Of China
    • Sikhote-Alin Meteorite
    • Petrified Wood
    • Commemorative Coins
    • Greenbrier Bunker Key
    • World Stamps
    • Russia
  • Feedback

Anti-Apartheid Pin

Apartheid was a system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced from 1948 to 1994. Under apartheid, white minority rule was maintained, while blacks and other ethnic groups had their rights and movements restricted. Apartheid was adopted after World War II by the Afrikaner-dominated National Party and Broederbond organizations.

Apartheid was introduced after the general election of 1948, and inhabitants were categorized into four racial groups, black, white, colored, and Indian. From 1960 to 1983, millions of non-white South Africans were evicted from their homes and forced into segregated neighborhoods. Education, medical and other public services, and beaches were segregated, and blacks were provided with inferior services as compared to those offered to whites. In 1970, non-white political representation was abolished, and blacks were deprived of their national citizenship, instead becoming citizens of one of 10 tribally based self-governing homelands called bantustans.

There was substantial internal resistance to Apartheid, as well as international opposition that resulted in long-standing arms and trade embargos against South Africa. Starting in the 1950s, the government began imprisoning anti-apartheid leaders, but opposition continued to grow more effective. This, coupled with the international sanctions, made it increasingly difficult for the government to maintain the regime.

In 1990 President Frederik Willem de Klerk began negotiations to end apartheid, and he began releasing several political prisoners in late 1989 and early 1990, including Nelson Mandela. Although the official abolition of apartheid occurred in 1991 with repeal of the last of the remaining apartheid laws, nonwhites were not allowed to vote until 1993, and in 1994 multi-racial democratic elections were held, which were won by the African National Congress under Nelson Mandela.

The item in my collection is an Anti-Apartheid pin from South Africa of the type worn by protesters.
Picture
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